INSTRUMENTS FOR TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYING

Control Point Surveying and Topographic Mapping

Surveying Data for Patchy Structure

The term “data surveying” refers to the preliminary examination of a dataset to assess its overall character, and this process typically involves simple descriptive statistics to characterize the available variables, along with detection of data anomalies (e.g., outliers or incomplete records) and possibly other “interesting” or “unusual” features that may be worthy of careful scrutiny. In the ...

Accuracy of Different Topographic Instruments in Calculating Corneal Power after Myopic Photorefractive Keratectomy

PURPOSE To compare the corneal power measurements obtained using different topographic instruments after myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS Patients with myopia who were candidates for corneal refractive surgery were sequentially included. Pre-PRK and six months post-PRK corneal powers were measured using Javal manual keratometer, Orbscan II, Galilei, Tomey TMS4, and EyeSys 200...

Active Surveying

Opinion leaders play an important role in influencing people’s opinions, actions and behaviors. Although a number of methods have been proposed in literature for identifying influentials using secondary sources of information, the true set of opinion leaders revealed through primary sources, such as surveys, is still favored in many domains. In this work, we present a new active learning method...

Hybrid Heuristic Algorithm for GPS Surveying Problem

This paper introduces several approaches based on ant colony optimization for efficient scheduling the surveying activities of designing satellite surveying networks. These proposed approaches use a set of agents called ants that cooperate to iteratively construct potential observation schedules. Within the context of satellite surveying, a positioning network can be defined as a set of points ...